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Color or colour is the visual perceptual property corresponding in humans to the categories called red, blue, yellow, etc. Color derives from the spectrum of light (distribution of light power versus wavelength) interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors. Color categories and physical specifications of color are also associated with objects or materials based on their physical properties such as light absorption, reflection, or emission spectra. By defining a color space colors can be identified numerically by their coordinates.

Because perception of color stems from the varying spectral sensitivity of different types of cone cells in the retina to different parts of the spectrum, colors may be defined and quantified by the degree to which they stimulate these cells. These physical or physiological quantifications of color, however, do not fully explain the psychophysical perception of color appearance.

The science of color is sometimes called chromatics, colorimetry, or simply color science. It includes the perception of color by the human eye and brain, the origin of color in materials, color theory in art, and the physics of electromagnetic radiation in the visible range (that is, what we commonly refer to simply as light).
颜色或颜色是在人类中的类别相对应的视觉感知属性称为红，蓝，黄等色从光在眼睛与光感受器的光谱灵敏度交互的谱（光功率对波长的分布）导出。颜色类别和颜色的物理规格也与如光的吸收，反射或发射光谱基于它们的物理性能的物体或材料相关联。通过定义颜色空间的颜色可以用数字可以通过坐标来识别。

因为颜色的感知从不同类型的视网膜到频谱的不同部分锥细胞的不同光谱灵敏度的茎，颜色可以被定义并由它们刺激这些细胞的程度进行定量。这些色彩身体或生理quantifications，但是，不能完全解释颜色外观的心理物理感知。

色彩的科学有时也被称为色彩学，色度学，或者干脆色彩学。它包括彩色的人眼和脑的感知，颜色的材料的来源，在艺术色彩理论，和电磁辐射的在可见光范围内的物理（即，我们通常指仅仅作为光）。


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